This is a retrospective study on 53 facial bone fracture patients with head injuries treated in Chosun university hospital, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Neurosurgery from Jan. 1991 to Dec. 1992, and the obtained results were as
follows.
Of the 355 patients with facial bone fractures, 63 patients suffered from head injures(17.7%) and male to female ration was 5.7:1.
The most frequently affected was midface area(71%) including zygoma(32%), nasal bone(21%), and maxilla(19%).
The age frequency was the highest in the third decade(40%).
In the zygomatic fracture, the most frequent site was zygomatic arch area(47%), It was Lefort II type fracture(53%) in the maxilla and symphyseal & body area(66%) in the mandible.
The most frequent cause was traffic accidents(66%).
The most frequently traumatic sign was closed head injury(46%) involving cerebral contusion, subdural hematoma. Intracerebral hemorrage.
The most frequently associated injuries were facial laceration(43%), and other associated injuries included spine injury(17%), whole body contusion(16%), chest injury(13%), extremities injury(9%), abdomen injury(2%).
Of 25 patients below drowsy mentation, the mean Glassgow Coma Scale score was 10.8.
In the classification of clinical mental state by De Jong, alert state was 31 cases, drowsy state 12 cases, semicoma 7 cases, coma 3 cases.
GCS score was low in the patients of craniocerebral injury concomittant with combined midfacial bone fracture.
The open reduction to the facial bone fractures was performed in about 8 days after the injury in the 13 of total 25 cases(52%) due to neurosurgical problems.
The complications were maloccusion(2 cases), malunion(1 case), nonunion(1 case) and deep space infection(1 case), and the complication rate was 19.2%.
|